PostgreSQL 9.3.4 文档
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I. SQL 命令
这部分包含
PostgreSQL
支持的
SQL
命令的参考信息。每条命令的标准符合和兼容的信息可以在相关的参考页中找到。
Table of Contents
ABORT
-- 中止当前事务
ALTER AGGREGATE
-- 更改一个聚集函数的定义
ALTER COLLATION
-- 更改一个排序规则的定义
ALTER CONVERSION
-- 改变一个转换的定义
ALTER DATABASE
-- 更改一个数据库
ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
-- 定义默认访问特权
ALTER DOMAIN
-- change the definition of a domain
ALTER EVENT TRIGGER
-- change the definition of an event trigger
ALTER EXTENSION
-- change the definition of an extension
ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
-- change the definition of a foreign-data wrapper
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE
-- change the definition of a foreign table
ALTER FUNCTION
-- change the definition of a function
ALTER GROUP
-- change role name or membership
ALTER INDEX
-- change the definition of an index
ALTER LANGUAGE
-- change the definition of a procedural language
ALTER LARGE OBJECT
-- change the definition of a large object
ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
-- change the definition of a materialized view
ALTER OPERATOR
-- change the definition of an operator
ALTER OPERATOR CLASS
-- change the definition of an operator class
ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY
-- change the definition of an operator family
ALTER ROLE
-- change a database role
ALTER RULE
-- change the definition of a rule
ALTER SCHEMA
-- change the definition of a schema
ALTER SEQUENCE
-- change the definition of a sequence generator
ALTER SERVER
-- change the definition of a foreign server
ALTER TABLE
-- change the definition of a table
ALTER TABLESPACE
-- change the definition of a tablespace
ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
-- change the definition of a text search configuration
ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
-- change the definition of a text search dictionary
ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER
-- change the definition of a text search parser
ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
-- change the definition of a text search template
ALTER TRIGGER
-- change the definition of a trigger
ALTER TYPE
-- change the definition of a type
ALTER USER
-- change a database role
ALTER USER MAPPING
-- change the definition of a user mapping
ALTER VIEW
-- change the definition of a view
ANALYZE
-- collect statistics about a database
BEGIN
-- start a transaction block
CHECKPOINT
-- force a transaction log checkpoint
CLOSE
-- close a cursor
CLUSTER
-- cluster a table according to an index
COMMENT
-- define or change the comment of an object
COMMIT
-- commit the current transaction
COMMIT PREPARED
-- commit a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
COPY
-- copy data between a file and a table
CREATE AGGREGATE
-- define a new aggregate function
CREATE CAST
-- define a new cast
CREATE COLLATION
-- define a new collation
CREATE CONVERSION
-- define a new encoding conversion
CREATE DATABASE
-- 创建一个新数据库
CREATE DOMAIN
-- define a new domain
CREATE EVENT TRIGGER
-- define a new event trigger
CREATE EXTENSION
-- install an extension
CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
-- define a new foreign-data wrapper
CREATE FOREIGN TABLE
-- define a new foreign table
CREATE FUNCTION
-- define a new function
CREATE GROUP
-- define a new database role
CREATE INDEX
-- define a new index
CREATE LANGUAGE
-- define a new procedural language
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
-- define a new materialized view
CREATE OPERATOR
-- define a new operator
CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
-- define a new operator class
CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY
-- define a new operator family
CREATE ROLE
-- 定义一个新的数据库角色
CREATE RULE
-- define a new rewrite rule
CREATE SCHEMA
-- define a new schema
CREATE SEQUENCE
-- define a new sequence generator
CREATE SERVER
-- define a new foreign server
CREATE TABLE
-- 定义一个新表
CREATE TABLE AS
-- define a new table from the results of a query
CREATE TABLESPACE
-- define a new tablespace
CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
-- define a new text search configuration
CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
-- define a new text search dictionary
CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER
-- define a new text search parser
CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
-- define a new text search template
CREATE TRIGGER
-- 定义一个新触发器
CREATE TYPE
-- define a new data type
CREATE USER
-- define a new database role
CREATE USER MAPPING
-- define a new mapping of a user to a foreign server
CREATE VIEW
-- define a new view
DEALLOCATE
-- deallocate a prepared statement
DECLARE
-- define a cursor
DELETE
-- delete rows of a table
DISCARD
-- discard session state
DO
-- execute an anonymous code block
DROP AGGREGATE
-- remove an aggregate function
DROP CAST
-- remove a cast
DROP COLLATION
-- remove a collation
DROP CONVERSION
-- remove a conversion
DROP DATABASE
-- remove a database
DROP DOMAIN
-- remove a domain
DROP EVENT TRIGGER
-- remove an event trigger
DROP EXTENSION
-- remove an extension
DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
-- remove a foreign-data wrapper
DROP FOREIGN TABLE
-- remove a foreign table
DROP FUNCTION
-- remove a function
DROP GROUP
-- remove a database role
DROP INDEX
-- remove an index
DROP LANGUAGE
-- remove a procedural language
DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
-- remove a materialized view
DROP OPERATOR
-- remove an operator
DROP OPERATOR CLASS
-- remove an operator class
DROP OPERATOR FAMILY
-- remove an operator family
DROP OWNED
-- remove database objects owned by a database role
DROP ROLE
-- remove a database role
DROP RULE
-- remove a rewrite rule
DROP SCHEMA
-- remove a schema
DROP SEQUENCE
-- remove a sequence
DROP SERVER
-- remove a foreign server descriptor
DROP TABLE
-- remove a table
DROP TABLESPACE
-- remove a tablespace
DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
-- remove a text search configuration
DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
-- remove a text search dictionary
DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER
-- remove a text search parser
DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE
-- remove a text search template
DROP TRIGGER
-- remove a trigger
DROP TYPE
-- remove a data type
DROP USER
-- remove a database role
DROP USER MAPPING
-- remove a user mapping for a foreign server
DROP VIEW
-- remove a view
END
-- commit the current transaction
EXECUTE
-- execute a prepared statement
EXPLAIN
-- 显示一个语句的执行计划
FETCH
-- retrieve rows from a query using a cursor
GRANT
-- 定义访问特权
INSERT
-- create new rows in a table
LISTEN
-- 监听一个通知
LOAD
-- load a shared library file
LOCK
-- lock a table
MOVE
-- position a cursor
NOTIFY
-- 生成一个通知
PREPARE
-- prepare a statement for execution
PREPARE TRANSACTION
-- prepare the current transaction for two-phase commit
REASSIGN OWNED
-- change the ownership of database objects owned by a database role
REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
-- replace the contents of a materialized view
REINDEX
-- rebuild indexes
RELEASE SAVEPOINT
-- destroy a previously defined savepoint
RESET
-- restore the value of a run-time parameter to the default value
REVOKE
-- remove access privileges
ROLLBACK
-- abort the current transaction
ROLLBACK PREPARED
-- cancel a transaction that was earlier prepared for two-phase commit
ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
-- roll back to a savepoint
SAVEPOINT
-- define a new savepoint within the current transaction
SECURITY LABEL
-- define or change a security label applied to an object
SELECT
-- retrieve rows from a table or view
SELECT INTO
-- define a new table from the results of a query
SET
-- change a run-time parameter
SET CONSTRAINTS
-- set constraint check timing for the current transaction
SET ROLE
-- set the current user identifier of the current session
SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
-- set the session user identifier and the current user identifier of the current session
SET TRANSACTION
-- set the characteristics of the current transaction
SHOW
-- show the value of a run-time parameter
START TRANSACTION
-- start a transaction block
TRUNCATE
-- empty a table or set of tables
UNLISTEN
-- stop listening for a notification
UPDATE
-- update rows of a table
VACUUM
-- 垃圾收集并根据需要分析一个数据库
VALUES
-- compute a set of rows
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